Calvary

Creator:

Provoost, Jan (painters (artists))

Period:

n/a

Date:

ca. 1515 - ca. 1530

Institution:

Museum voor Schone Kunsten Gent

Type:

schilderingen, peintures, and paintings (visual works)

Subtype:

olieverfschilderijen, peintures à l'huile, and oil paintings (visual works)

Material:

olieverf, peinture à l'huile, oil paint, paneel, panneau, and panel

Subject:

religieuze symboliek, symbolique religieuse, religious symbolism, landschappen, paysages, and landscapes

Dimensions:

h 102 cm
b 79.5 cm

Object number:

1900-B

Description:

De fonkelende kleurenpracht en de chaotische drukte van de vele, elkaar overlappende figuren zijn het eerste wat in deze Calvarieberg opvalt. Dit is kenmerkend voor het werk van Jan Provoost. Verschillende figuren, zoals de ruiter, Maria Magdalena, de apostel Johannes en de heilige vrouwen, kopieerde Provoost letterlijk van gravures of van schilderijen, onder meer van Rogier van der Weyden. De hond ontleende hij aan een prent van Albrecht Dürer. Provoost vertelt hier het verhaal van de kruisdood van Christus, maar enkele personages horen niet thuis in het Bijbelverhaal. De jongeling met zwarte baret boven de heilige vrouwen links, de geharnaste figuur onder het kruis en de zwaarlijvige man in het roze uiterst rechts zijn duidelijk portretten van eigentijdse figuren. Een gezicht op de stad Brugge op de achtergrond rechts toont ons de nu verdwenen Sint-Donaaskerk en het steen De Zeven Torens.

Iconclass:

73 New Testament
11D Christ
11D3 Christ as adult
11D334 adult Christ together with apostles, evangelists, saints, etc.
73C public life of Christ: from his baptism until the Passion
73D Passion of Christ
73D6 the crucifixion of Christ: Christ's death on the cross; Golgotha (Matthew 27:45-58; Mark 15:33-45; Luke 23:44-52; John 19:25-38)
73D625 bystanders at the foot of the cross, among whom Mary, Mary Magdalene and John the Evangelist; Mary may be shown swooning
73D643 crucified Christ with Mary, John, and Mary Magdalene
73D6712 loin-cloth ~ particularities of crucifixion scenes
73D82(CROWN OF THORNS) crown of thorns ~ instruments of the Passion
73D82(LANCE) lance ~ instruments of the Passion
73D6714 blood spouting from Christ's wounds
49L8 inscription
73D58 the superscription: I(esus) N(azarenus) R(ex) I(udaeorum) ~ Christ's crucifixion
44G32 executioner, hangman
47D8(KNIFE) tools, aids, implements ~ crafts and industries: knife
45C22 armour
45C22 armour
45C221 helmet
41D221(CAP) head-gear: cap
41D221(HAT) head-gear: hat
41D221(HEADSCARF) head-gear (HEADSCARF)
41D2211 veil
11F the Virgin Mary
11HH(MARY MAGDALENE) the penitent harlot Mary Magdalene; possible attributes: book (or scroll), crown, crown of thorns, crucifix, jar of ointment, mirror, musical instrument, palm-branch, rosary, scourge
31A51453 ointment-jar
31B6214 weeping
31B62141 tears
31B6214 weeping
11Q751 (public) prayer
45B the soldier; the soldier's life
41D2656 belt, girdle, waistband
11H(JOHN THE BAPTIST) John the Baptist; possible attributes: book, reed cross, baptismal cup, honeycomb, lamb, staff
31D111 infant, baby ~ the ages of man
31A252 postures and gestures of arms and hands in relation to each other
31A2523 hands against each other
31A25551 index finger upwards
31A2516 arm or hand held in front of the body
31A251611 hand holding the breast
31A2522 hands folded
31A25221 hands folded with fingers knit
31A211 (human) skull
34B11 dog
31B62 morphology of facial expression
31B6211 looking upwards
26A clouds
25I city-view, and landscape with man-made constructions
41A housing
41A1 civic architecture; edifices; dwellings
41A14 urban housing
25I12 prospect of city, town panorama, silhouette of city
61E(BRUGES) names of cities and villages (BRUGES)
61F(SAINT DONATION’S CHURCH) names of historical buildings, sites, streets, etc. (SAINT DONATION’S CHURCH)
61F(THE SEVEN TOWERS) names of historical buildings, sites, streets, etc. (THE SEVEN TOWERS)
41D26511 gold-thread embroidery
41D221 head-gear
41D266 ornaments, jewels
25I1411 lane, alley
46C131 riding a horse, ass, or mule; rider, horseman
25H1 landscapes in the temperate zone
25H113 (high) hill
25G3 trees
25G11 groups of trees
25G41 flowers
25G1 plants (in general)
25H213 river